Calgary

The city of Calgary has only been incorporated since 1904, but it is estimated that the Bow River Valley has been inhabited for the last 10,000 years. At the end of the last Ice Age, the ancestors of the present-day native tribes made their way across the Bering Sea from Siberia, traveling down through Alaska before settling in the Rocky Mountain foothills. There they formed the Blackfoot, Sarcee, Blood, Stoney and Shagganapi nations, and subsisted on the seasonal migrations of American buffalo herds. The ir way of life remained relatively unchanged until the late 1870s, when Europeans hunted the buffalo to near-extinction.